Cosmetic Compositions

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to pigmented emulsion cosmetic compositions containing emulsifying silicone elastomers that provide a natural appearance to the skin upon application. In particular, these cosmetic compositions are formulated such that agglomeration of the pigment upon application to the skin is minimized.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/902,321, filed Jul. 10, 2001, which in turn claims the benefit ofU.S. Provisional Application No. 60/217,061, filed Jul. 10, 2000.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to pigmented emulsion cosmeticcompositions containing emulsifying silicone elastomers that provide anatural appearance to the skin upon application. In particular, thesecosmetic compositions are formulated such that agglomeration of thepigment upon application to the skin is minimized.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cosmetic products (e.g., foundation products) are typically applied tothe entire face to mask perceived imperfections in skin texture (i.e.,fine lines and wrinkles), pigmentation or vascularization. It isdesirable for foundations to mask these imperfections and yet stillallow for a natural appearance of the skin. In other words, consumerswant good coverage from a foundation product, but do not want theappearance of too much make-up, i.e., cakey appearance.

Pigmented oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsion cosmetic products are apopular type of cosmetic product available on the market today. Theseproducts are relatively inexpensive and are easy to apply to the skin.Moreover, the pigmented oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion foundationlends itself to variation in pigment type and level to give differentdegrees of color coverage.

However, it is believed that, in order to minimize the appearance offine lines and wrinkles and to avoid a cakey appearance when utilizing acertain cosmetic products, it is important to deposit the pigmentparticle or solid particle from the cosmetic product uniformly of theskin. Unfortunately, the tendency of the solid particles is toagglomerate (i.e., flocculate) in the foundation product and, uponapplication of the foundation product to the skin, to collect in thefine lines and wrinkles or otherwise agglomerate on the skin, therebyaccentuating, rather than minimizing the appearance of the fine lines,and further providing a cakey, unnatural appearance to the skin.

Preventing agglomeration (flocculation) of the solid particles infoundation products and upon application to the skin can be verydifficult. One way to improve the stability of solid particles infoundation products is to “coat” the particle; in other words, adsorbcertain materials onto the surface of the particle. See Driscoll, P.,“Treated Pigments in Decorative Cosmetics”, Cosmetics and toiletries,Vol. 104 (July 1989), pp 43-45. Foundation and other personal careproducts containing hydrophobically or hydrophilically coated pigmentsare know in the art (See, for example, Lee, J et al., Preparation ofUltra Fine Fe₃O₄ Particles by Precipitation in the Presence of PVA atHigh pH”, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 177, p. 490 [1996] and EuropeanPatent Application 504,066, published Mar. 13, 1992). Unfortunately, themethods taught in the art for preventing agglomeration of pigmentparticles in product and when applied to skin are not sufficient toprovide products which meet consumer needs with respect to the naturalappearance of the skin.

Another problem associated with the use of solid particles relates tothe size of the particle. Solid particles having a particle size greaterthan 20 microns are difficult to disperse within the droplet phase ofemulsions typically regarded as stable emulsions since such emulsionstypically have discontinuous phase droplets of droplet size less than 20microns. The smaller droplets avoid the “buoyancy effect” (i.e., wherethe buoyancy force of the discontinuous phase droplet exceeds theviscous forces of the continuous phase) associated with droplets havingdroplet sizes greater than 20 microns. Additionally, the surfactants oremulsifiers typically used in such emulsions do not tend to provide thestructurant properties necessary to support emulsions having largersized droplets (i.e., greater than 20 microns).

It has now been found, however, that cosmetic products can be formulatedwherein the agglomeration of solid particles contained therein isminimized and wherein the skin deposition control is improved using thetechnology hereinafter described. Specifically, it has been found thatthe use of emulsifying type elastomers aid in controlling agglomerationof solid particles dispersed within the discontinuous droplet phase andprovide stable emulsions supporting discontinuous phase droplets havinga particle size greater than 20 microns. Moreover, when the cosmeticproducts of the present invention are applied to the skin, solidparticles having a broad particle size distribution are capable of beinguniformly deposited on the skin. Without being limited by theory, thesesolid particles are delivered to the skin by means of emulsion dropletshaving a broad droplet size distribution. Specifically, the solidparticles, even those having a particle size greater than 20 microns,are dispersed within and/or at the droplet interface of the emulsionsystem such that capillary-induced agglomeration of the particles isconfined within the space or volume occupied by the droplet, therebyproviding a more even distribution of the broad range particles on skin.Additionally, the droplets serve as a barrier preventing agglomerationas a result of application shear. Accordingly, good coverage of the skinand a natural appearance of the skin is provided.

Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide cosmeticcompositions which control agglomeration or flocculation of pigments inthe cosmetic product and when applied to skin.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide improveddistribution of pigments on skin.

Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide goodcoverage of the skin as well as retain the natural appearance of theskin.

These and other aspects of the present invention will become morereadily apparent from consideration of the following summary anddetailed description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to stable multiphase emulsioncompositions, comprising:

A.) a continuous phase, comprising:

-   -   i.) an emulsifying crosslinked siloxane elastomer; and    -   ii.) a solvent for the emulsifying crosslinked siloxane        elastomer;

B.) at least one discontinuous phase, comprising:

-   -   i.) solid particles        wherein the discontinuous phase forms droplets having a droplet        size distribution range of from about 0.1 microns to about 100        microns and wherein the solid particles are uniformly        distributed on the skin independent of skin topography.

Also claimed herein are cosmetic compositions comprising:

-   -   (i) from about 0.1% to about 15% of crosslinked siloxane        elastomer having an average particle size less than 20 microns;    -   (ii) from 10 to 80% of a solvent for the crosslinked siloxane        elastomer;    -   (iii) optionally, from 0 to 50% of skin conditioning agent; and    -   (iv) optionally, from above about 0 to about 95% of water        wherein contain at least about 1% air.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, the term “cosmetics” includes make-up, foundation, andskin care products. The term “make-up” refers to products that leavecolor on the face, including foundation, blacks and browns, i.e.,mascara, concealers, eye liners, brow colors, eye shadows, blushers, lipcolors, powders, solid emulsion compact, and so forth. Skin careproducts are those used to treat or care for, or somehow moisturize,improve, or clean the skin. Products contemplated by the phrase “skincare products” include, but are not limited to, adhesives, bandages,toothpaste, anhydrous occlusive moisturizers, antiperspirants,deodorants, personal cleansing products, powder laundry detergent,fabric softener towels, occlusive drug delivery patches, nail polish,powders, tissues, wipes, hair conditioners-anhydrous, shaving creams andthe like. The term “foundation” refers to liquid, creme, mousse,pancake, compact, concealer or like product created or reintroduced bycosmetic companies to even out the overall coloring of the skin.Foundation is manufactured to work better over moisturized and/or oiledskin. The compositions of the present invention also provide goodmake-up removal. The compositions of the present invention areespecially useful in removal make-up compositions such as that disclosedin U.S. Pat. No. 6,019,962 to Rabe et al., which patent is hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

The term “ambient conditions” as used herein refers to surroundingconditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relativehumidity, and at about 25° C., unless otherwise specified.

The term “opaque” refers to a composition that is impervious to visiblelight. An opaque composition lacks any degree of transparency.

The phrase “capillary-induced aggregation”, means the aggregation ofsolid particles by the capillary forces by the continuous evaporation ofinterstitial liquid(s).

As used herein the term “comprising” means that the composition cancontain other ingredients which are compatible with the composition andwhich preferably do not substantially disrupt the compositions of thepresent invention. The term encompasses the terms “consisting of” and“consisting essentially of”.

Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages and ratios used herein areby weight of the total composition. All weight percentages, unlessotherwise indicated, are on an actives weight basis. All measurementsmade are at 25° C., unless otherwise designated.

A. The Continuous Phase of the Emulsion Composition

An essential component of the present invention is a continuous phase.The emulsion compositions of the present invention are heterogeneoussystems containing at least two immiscible liquids, one of which isdispersed in the other in the form of droplets. The immiscible liquidsform phases when mixed, a continuous and at least one discontinuousphase. The discontinuous phase is referred to variously as the dispersedor internal phase, whereas the phase in which the dispersion occurs isreferred to as the continuous or external phase. Preferred emulsions ofthe present invention contain an oily (fatty or lipophilic) and anon-oily phase. Any oil or oily like ingredient (i.e., fats, natural orsynthetic oils such as vegetable or silicone oils) is useful in formingthe oil or oily phase and are typically the oils/solvents useful ingelling emulsifying crosslinked siloxane elastomer described below.Preferably the oily or oil-like materials or components constitute thecontinuous phase of the present invention. The continuous phasepreferably comprises from 1 to 95%, more preferably 1 to 50%, mostpreferably from 10 to 40%, optimally from 25 to 35% by weight.

i.) Emulsifying Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

The continuous phase of the present invention preferably contains acrosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer gel comprising a partially orcompletely crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer and a solvent forthe emulsifying crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer. Thecrosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomers can be either partially orcompletely cross-linked. They are generally emulsifiers. They cannotably be chosen from the crosslinked polymers described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 5,412,004 (issued May 2, 1995); 5,837,793 (issued Nov. 17, 1998);and 5,811,487 (issued Sep. 22, 1998), all of which are hereinincorporated by reference in their entirety. These organopolysiloxanesare obtained by the addition polymerization of the following compounds(I) and (II):

(I) an organohydrogen polysiloxane having formula (1):

R¹ _(a)R² _(b)H_(c)SiO_((4−a−b−c)/2)  (1)

in which R¹ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl oraralkyl group, comprising 1-18 carbon atoms, or a halogenatedhydrocarbon group; R² represents a group:

—C_(n)H_(2n)O(C₂H₄O)_(d)(C₃H₆O)_(e)R³  (3)

in which R¹ is a hydrogen atom, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon grouphaving 1-10 carbon atoms or a —(CO)—R⁵ group where R⁵ is a saturatedaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-5 carbon atoms; d is a whole numberfrom 2 to 200, and e is a whole number from 0 to 200, provided that d+eis a number in the range of 3 to 200, and n is a number in the range of2 to 6, a is a value satisfying the inequality: 1.0≦a≦2.5, b is a valuesatisfying the inequality: 0.001≦b≦1.0 and c is a value satisfying theinequality: 0.001≦c≦1.0;

or an organohydrogen polysiloxane represented by the following formula(2):

C_(m)H_(2m)O(C₂H₄O)_(h)(C₃H₆O)_(i)C_(m)H_(2m−1)  (A)

in which h is a whole number in the range of 2 to 200, I is a wholenumber in the range of 0 to 200, provided that h+i is a number in therange of 3 to 200, and m is a number in the range of 2 to 6,

or an organopolysiloxane represented by the following formula (B):

R¹ _(j)R⁴ _(k)SiO_((4−j−k)/2)  (B)

in which R¹ has the same meaning as in formula (1), R⁴ is a monovalenthydrocarbon group having an unsaturated aliphatic bond at the end andcontaining 2-10 carbon atoms, j is a value satisfying the inequality:1.0≦j≦3.0 and k is a value satisfying the inequality 0.001≦k≦1.5, or amixture of the polyoxyalkylene having formula (A) or of theorganopolysiloxane having formula (B), where at least one organohydrogenpolysiloxane having formula (1) or at least one polyoxyalkylene havingformula (A) is contained as an essential element of the additionpolymerization.

It is preferred for the organopolysiloxane to be in a mixture with asilicone oil and/or polyol, and to be prepared directly in such amixture. The silicone oil preferably has a viscosity equal to or lessthan 500 cSt at 25° C. According to an embodiment of the invention, theorganopolysiloxane elastomer is prepared from 100 parts by weight of theconstituents defined above and 3-200 parts by weight of a silicone oilhaving a viscosity equal to or less than 100 cSt at 25° C., and/or apolyol. The silicone oil can be a volatile or nonvolatile silicone oilor a mixture of a volatile silicone oil and a nonvolatile silicone oil.

The organopolysiloxanes of the invention are obtained, in particular,according to the protocol of Examples 3, 4 and 8 of the documentEP-A-545002 (or U.S. Pat. No. 5,412,004) and from the examples of thedocument U.S. Pat. No. 5,81,487. The organopolysiloxanes of thecomposition of the invention contain one or more oxyalkylenated group(s)and in particular oxyethylenated (OE) group(s), for example, 1-40oxyalkylenated units and, more advantageously, 1-20 oxyalkylenatedunits, that can form polyoxyalkylene, notably polyoxyethylene chains.These groups can be branches, at the end of the chain, or intended tolink two parts of the silicone structure. The silicon atoms bearingthese groups are approximately 1-10 in number.

Although the invention concerns more particularly organopolysiloxaneswith oxyethylenated group(s), it can also concern theorganopolysiloxanes with oxypropylenated group(s). Theorganopolysiloxanes can comprise simultaneously one or moreoxyethylenated group(s), 1-20 (OE), for example, and one or moreoxypropylenated group(s) (OP), 0-20, for example; theseorganopolysiloxanes are also called organopolysiloxanes withalkylethoxy-propylenated group(s). It is preferred for the number ofoxyethylenated groups to be larger than the number of oxypropylenatedgroups.

As the partially or completely crosslinked organopolysiloxane comprisinga polyoxyethylenated and/or polyoxypropylenated chain one can mention,for example, the product marketed by Shin-Etsu under the tradenamesKSG21, KSG31, KSG31x and KSG32 or by Dow Corning under the name DC 9011.One can also mention the product of Example 3 of U.S. Pat. No.5,412,004, containing approximately 33 wt % of organopolysiloxane andapproximately 67 wt % of silicone oil having a viscosity of 6 cSt.

Also useful herein are polyoxyalkylene modified elastomers formed fromdivinyl compounds, particularly siloxane polymers with at least two freevinyl groups, reacting with Si—H linkages on a polysiloxane backbone.Preferably, the elastomers are dimethyl polysiloxanes crosslinked bySi—H sites on a molecularly spherical MQ resin.

ii.) Solvent for the Emulsifying Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

The compositions of the present invention comprise a solvent for theemulsifying crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer describedhereinbefore. The solvent, when combined with the cross-linkedorganopolysiloxane elastomer particles, serves to suspend and swell theelastomer particles to provide an elastic, gel-like network or matrix.The solvent for the emulsifying cross-linked siloxane elastomer isliquid under ambient conditions, and preferably has a low viscosity toprovide for improved spreading on the skin. The viscosity of theelastomer gel is preferably greater than 100,000 cps, more preferably atleast about 250,000 cps, optimally from about 300,000 to about 6,000,000cps at 25° C. as measured by a Brookfield LV Viscometer (size 4 bar, 60rpm, 0.3 sec.).

Concentrations of the solvent in the cosmetic compositions of thepresent invention will vary primarily with the type and amount ofsolvent and the emulsifying cross-linked siloxane elastomer employed.Preferred concentrations of the solvent are from about 10% to about 90%,preferably from about 20% to about 80%, more preferably from about 30%to about 70%, by weight of the composition.

The solvent for the emulsifying cross-linked siloxane elastomercomprises one or more liquid carriers suitable for topical applicationto human skin. These liquid carriers may be organic, silicone-containingor fluorine-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar,provided that the liquid carrier forms a solution or other homogenousliquid or liquid dispersion with the selected emulsifying cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer at the selected siloxane elastomer concentration at atemperature of from about 28° C. to about 250° C., preferably from about28° C. to about 100° C., preferably from about 28° C. to about 78° C.The solvent for the emulsifying cross-linked siloxane elastomerpreferably has a solubility parameter of from about 3 to about 13(cal/cm³)^(0.5), more preferably from about 5 to about 11(cal/cm³)^(0.5), most preferably from about 5 to about 9(cal/cm³)^(0.5). Solubility parameters for the liquid carriers or othermaterials, and means for determining such parameters, are well known inthe chemical arts. A description of solubility parameters and means fordetermining them are described by C. D. Vaughan, “Solubility Effects inProduct, Package, Penetration and Preservation” 103 Cosmetics andToiletries 47-69, October 1988; and C. D. Vaughan, “Using SolubilityParameters in Cosmetics Formulation”, 36 J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists319-333, September/October, 1988, which articles are incorporated hereinby reference.

The solvent preferably includes volatile, non-polar oils; non-volatile,relatively polar oils; non-volatile, non-polar oils; and non-volatileparaffinic hydrocarbon oils; each discussed more fully hereinafter. Theterm “non-volatile” as used herein refers to materials which exhibit avapor pressure of no more than about 0.2 mm Hg at 25° C. at oneatmosphere and/or to materials which have a boiling point at oneatmosphere of at least about 300° C. The term “volatile” as used hereinrefers to all materials that are not “non-volatile” as previouslydefined herein. The phrase “relatively polar” as used herein means morepolar than another material in terms of solubility parameter; i.e., thehigher the solubility parameter the more polar the liquid. The term“non-polar” typically means that the material has a solubility parameterbelow about 6.5 (cal/cm³)^(0.5).

1. Non-polar, Volatile Oils

The non-polar, volatile oil tends to impart highly desirable aestheticproperties to the compositions of the present invention. Consequently,the non-polar, volatile oils are preferably utilized at a fairly highlevel. Non-polar, volatile oils particularly useful in the presentinvention are selected from the group consisting of silicone oils;hydrocarbons; and mixtures thereof. Such non-polar, volatile oils aredisclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1,27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972. The non-polar, volatile oilsuseful in the present invention may be either saturated or unsaturated,have an aliphatic character and be straight or branched chained orcontain alicyclic or aromatic rings. Examples of preferred non-polar,volatile hydrocarbons including polydecanes such as isododecane andisodecane (e.g., Permethyl-99A which is available from Presperse Inc.)and the C7-C8 through C12-C15 isoparaffins (such as the Isopar Seriesavailable from Exxon Chemicals). Non-polar, volatile liquid siliconeoils are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,917 issued to Luebbe et al. onNov. 1, 1988, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.Additionally, a description of various volatile silicones materials isfound in Todd et al., “Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics”,Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91:27-32 (1976), herein incorporated byreference in its entirety. Particularly preferred volatile silicone oilsare selected from the group consisting of cyclic volatile siliconescorresponding to the formula:

wherein n is from about 3 to about 7; and linear volatile siliconescorresponding to the formula:

(CH₃)₃Si—O—[Si(CH₃)₂—O]_(m)—Si(CH₃)₃

wherein m is from about 1 to about 7. Linear volatile siliconesgenerally have a viscosity of less than about 5 centistokes at 25° C.,whereas the cyclic silicones have viscosities of less than about 10centistokes at 25° C. Highly preferred examples of volatile siliconeoils include cyclomethicones of varying viscosities, e.g., Dow Corning200, Dow Corning 244, Dow Corning 245, Dow Corning 344, and Dow Corning345, (commercially available from Dow Corning Corp.); SF-1204 andSF-1202 Silicone Fluids (commercially available from G.E. Silicones), GE7207 and 7158 (commercially available from General Electric Co.); andSWS-03314 (commercially available from SWS Silicones Corp.).

2. Relatively Polar, Non-Volatile Oils

The non-volatile oil is “relatively polar” as compared to the non-polar,volatile oil discussed above. Therefore, the non-volatile co-solvent ismore polar (i.e., has a higher solubility parameter) than at least oneof the non-polar, volatile oils. Relatively polar, non-volatile oilspotentially useful in the present invention are disclosed, for example,in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1, 27-104 edited by Balsamand Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,202,879 issued to Shelton on May 13,1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al. on Mar. 28, 1989, all ofwhich are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. Relativelypolar, non-volatile oils useful in the present invention are preferablyselected from the group consisting of silicone oils; hydrocarbon oils;fatty alcohols; fatty acids; esters of mono and dibasic carboxylic acidswith mono and polyhydric alcohols; polyoxyethylenes; polyoxypropylenes;mixtures of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ethers of fattyalcohols; and mixtures thereof. The relatively polar, non-volatileco-solvents useful in the present invention may be either saturated orunsaturated, have an aliphatic character and be straight or branchedchained or contain alicyclic or aromatic rings. More preferably, therelatively polar, non-volatile liquid co-solvent are selected from thegroup consisting of fatty alcohols having from about 12-26 carbon atoms;fatty acids having from about 12-26 carbon atoms; esters of monobasiccarboxylic acids and alcohols having from about 14-30 carbon atoms;esters of dibasic carboxylic acids and alcohols having from about 10-30carbon atoms; esters of polyhydric alcohols and carboxylic acids havingfrom about 5-26 carbon atoms; ethoxylated, propoxylated, and mixtures ofethoxylated and propoxylated ethers of fatty alcohols with from about12-26 carbon atoms and a degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation ofbelow about 50; and mixtures thereof. More preferred are propoxylatedethers of C14-C18 fatty alcohols having a degree of propoxylation belowabout 50, esters of C2-C8 alcohols and C12-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g.ethyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate), esters of C12-C26 alcohols andbenzoic acid (e.g. Finsolv TN supplied by Finetex), diesters of C2-C8alcohols and adipic, sebacic, and phthalic acids (e.g., diisopropylsebacate, diisopropyl adipate, di-n-butyl phthalate), polyhydric alcoholesters of C6-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g., propylene glycoldicaprate/dicaprylate, propylene glycol isostearate); and mixturesthereof. Even more preferred are branched-chain aliphatic fatty alcoholshaving from about 12-26 carbon atoms. Even more preferred is isocetylalcohol, octyldecanol, octyldodecanol and undecylpentadecanol; and mostpreferred is octyldodecanol. Such preferred aliphatic fatty alcohols areparticularly useful in combination with the volatile liquid siliconeoils discussed herein to adjust the average solubility of the solvent.

3. Non-Polar, Non-Volatile Oils

In addition to the liquids discussed above, the solvent for theemulsifying cross-linked siloxane elastomer may optionally includenon-volatile, non-polar oils. Typical non-volatile, non-polar emollientsare disclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol.1, 27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,202,879issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al.on Mar. 28, 1989. Both of which are herein incorporated by reference.The non-volatile oils useful in the present invention are essentiallynon-volatile polysiloxanes, paraffinic hydrocarbon oils, and mixturesthereof. The polysiloxanes useful in the present invention selected fromthe group consisting of polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes,polyalkylarylsiloxanes, poly-ethersiloxane copolymers, and mixturesthereof. Examples of these include polydimethyl siloxanes havingviscosities of from about 1 to about 100,000 centistokes at 25° C. Amongthe preferred non-volatile silicone emollients useful in the presentcompositions are the polydimethyl siloxanes having viscosities fromabout 2 to about 400 centistokes at 25° C. Such polyalkylsiloxanesinclude the Viscasil series (sold by General Electric Company) and theDow Corning 200 series (sold by Dow Corning Corp.).Polyalkylarylsiloxanes include polymethylphenyl siloxanes havingviscosities of from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25° C. These areavailable, for example, as SF 1075 methyl-phenyl fluid (sold by GeneralElectric Company) and 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid (sold by Dow CorningCorp.). Useful polyethersiloxane copolymers include, for example, apolyoxyalkylene ether copolymer having a viscosity of about 1200 to 1500centistokes at 25° C. Such a fluid is available as SF1066 organosiliconesurfactant (sold by General Electric Company). Polysiloxane ethyleneglycol ether copolymers are preferred copolymers for use in the presentcompositions.

Non-volatile paraffinic hydrocarbon oils useful in the present inventioninclude mineral oils and certain branched-chain hydrocarbons. Examplesof these fluids are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,019,375 issued toTanner et al. on May 28, 1991, herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety. Preferred mineral oils have the following properties:

(1) viscosity from about 5 centistokes to about 70 centistokes at 40°C.;

(2) density between about 0.82 and 0.89 g/cm3 at 25° C.;

(3) flash point between about 138° C. and about 216° C.; and

(4) carbon chain length between about 14 and about 40 carbon atoms.Preferred branched chain hydrocarbon oils have the following properties:

(1) density between about 0.79 and about 0.89 g/cm3 at 20° C.

(2) boiling point greater than about 250° C.; and

(3) flash point between about 110° C. and about 200° C.

Particularly preferred branched-chain hydrocarbons include Permethyl 103A, which contains an average of about 24 carbon atoms; Permethyl 104A,which contains an average of about 68 carbon atoms; Permethyl 102A,which contains an average of about 20 carbon atoms; all of which may bepurchased from Permethyl Corporation; and Ethylflo 364 which contains amixture of 30 carbon atoms and 40 carbon atoms and may be purchased fromEthyl Corp.

When used herein, volatile or non-volatile hydrocarbon oils arepreferably present at concentrations less than 30%, more preferably,from about 1% to about 25%, most preferably from about 1% to about 15%.

Additional solvents useful herein are described in U.S. Pat. No.5,750,096 to Gerald J. Guskey et al., issued May 12, 1998, hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

B. The Discontinuous Phase of the Emulsion Composition

Another essential component of the present invention is thediscontinuous phase. The discontinuous phase is, preferably, composed ofnon-oily or aqueous materials. Suitable non-oily or aqueous materialsinclude, but are not limited to polyhydric alcohols (polyols) or water.Examples of polyhydric alcohols include polyalkylene glycols and morepreferably alkylene polyols and their derivatives. Illustrative arepropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethyleneglycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butyleneglycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin, propoxylated glycerinand mixtures thereof. Most preferably the polyhydric alcohol isglycerin.

The discontinuous phase, preferably, forms droplets having a dropletsize distribution range of from about 0.1 microns to about 100 microns.More preferably the discontinuous phase droplets have a droplet sizedistribution range such that at least 20%, preferably 15%, morepreferably 10% of the droplets have a droplet size of greater than 40microns, more preferably greater than 60 microns, most preferablygreater than 75 microns, and optimally greater than 40 microns.

The discontinuous phase preferably comprises from 1 to 95%, morepreferably 1 to 50%, most preferably from 10 to 40%, optimally from 25to 35% by weight.

An essential component of the discontinuous phase are solid particles.Suitable solid particles include, but are not limited to ingredientswhich may be compounded in the composition of the present inventioninclude inorganic powder such as gums, chalk, Fuller's earth, talc,kaolin, iron oxide, mica, sericite, muscovite, phlogopite, syntheticmica, lepidolite, biotite, lithia mica, vermiculite, magnesiumcarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate, starch, smectite clays,alkyl and/or trialkyl aryl ammonium smectites, chemically modifiedmagnesium aluminum silicate, organically modified montmorillonite clay,hydrated aluminum silicate, fumed silica, aluminum starch octenylsuccinate barium silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate,strontium silicate, metal tungstate, magnesium, silica alumina, zeolite,barium sulfate, calcined calcium sulfate (calcined gypsum), calciumphosphate, fluorine apatite, hydroxyapatite, ceramic powder, metallicsoap (zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc myristate, calciumpalmitate, and aluminum stearate), colloidal silicone dioxide, and boronnitride; organic powder such as ethylene acrylate, latex, polyamideresin powder (nylon powder), cyclodextrin, polyethylene powder, methylpolymethacrylate powder, polystyrene powder, copolymer powder of styreneand acrylic acid, benzoguanamine resin powder, poly(ethylenetetrafluoride) powder, and carboxyvinyl polymer, cellulose powder suchas hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyleneglycol monostearate; inorganic white pigments such as titanium dioxide,zinc oxide, and magnesium oxide. Other useful powders are disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 5,688,831, to El-Nokaly et al., issued Nov. 18, 1997,herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Preferred organic powders/fillers include, but are not limited, topolymeric particles chosen from the methylsilsesquioxane resinmicrospheres such as for example those sold by Toshiba silicone underthe name Tospearl 145A; microspheres of polymethylmethacrylates such asthose sold by Seppic under the name Micropearl M 100; the sphericalparticles of crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanes, especially such as thosesold by Dow Corning Toray Silicone under the name Trefil E 506C orTrefil E 505C, sphericle particles of polyamide and more specificallyNylon 12, especially such as those sold by Atochem under the nameOrgasol 2002D Nat CO₅, polystyerene microspheres such as for examplethose sold by Dyno Particles under the name Dynospheres, ethyleneacrylate copolymer sold by Kobo under the name FloBead EA209 andmixtures thereof.

Also useful herein are pigment and/or dye encapsulates suchnanocolorants from BASF and multi-layer interference pigments such asSicopearls from BASF.

Mixtures of the above powders may also be used.

Preferably the powders of the present invention have a particle sizesuch that the average chord length of the powder particles range fromabout 0.01 microns to about 100 microns, preferably from about 0.1microns to about 50 microns, more preferably from about 1 micron toabout 20 microns.

Preferably the solid particles comprise from about 0.01% to about 30%,more preferably from about 1% to about 20%, most preferably from about5% to about 15% by weight of the multi-phase emulsion compositions.

Optional Ingredients Skin Conditioning Agent

Optionally, the compositions of the present invention can furthercomprise a skin conditioning agent. These agents may be selected fromexfoliants or emollients.

Exfoliants according to the present invention may be selected fromC2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids, beta-hydroxycarboxylic acids andsalts of these acids. Most preferred are glycolic, lactic and salicylicacids and their ammonium salts. Amounts of the exfoliants may range from1 to 15%, preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.

A wide variety of C2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids may be employed.Suitable examples of which include:

alpha-hydroxyethanoic acid

alpha-hydroxypropanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyoctanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydodecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyeicosanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydocosanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid, and

alpha-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid

When the conditioning agent is an emollient it may be selected fromhydrocarbons, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and esters. Isononylisononanoate is the most preferred hydrocarbon type of emollientconditioning agent. Other hydrocarbons that may be employed includemineral oil, polyolefins such as polydecene, and paraffins such asisohexadecane (e.g. Permethyl 99 Registered TM and Permethyl 101Registered TM). Preferably, the compositions of the present inventionare substantially free of semi-solid hydrocarbons such as petrolatum,lanolin and lanolin derivatives, sterols (e.g., ethoxylated soyasterols), high molecular weight polybutenes and coco butter. By“substantially free,” as used herein, means that the concentration ofthe semi-solid hydrocarbons are preferably less than 10%, morepreferably less than 5% most preferably less than 2% and even morepreferably 0. Without being limited by theory, such semi-solidhydrocarbons tend to mask the sensory benefits of the siloxane elastomercompositions such as the non-greasy, light feel of the presentinvention.

Fatty acids and alcohols will have from 10 to 30 carbon atoms.Illustrative of this category are pelargonic, lauric, myristic,palmitic, stearic, isostearic, hydroxystearic, oleic, linoleic,ricinoleic, arachidic, behenic and erucic acids and alcohols.

Oily ester emollients may be those selected from one or more of thefollowing classes:

1. Triglyceride esters such as vegetable and animal fats and oils.Examples include castor oil, cocoa butter, safflower oil, cottonseedoil, corn oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palmoil, sesame oil, squalene, Kikui oil and soybean oil.

2. Acetoglyceride esters, such as acetylated monoglycerides.

3. Ethoxylated glycerides, such as ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate.

4. Alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Methyl,isopropyl, and butyl esters of fatty acids are useful herein. Examplesinclude hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate, isopropylpalmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decylstearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyladipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, lauryl lactate,myristyl lactate, and cetyl lactate.

5. Alkenyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Examplesthereof include oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate.

6. Ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols.

7. Polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acidesters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethyleneglycol (200-6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono-and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 monooleate,polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycolmonostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerolpolyfatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,2-butylene glycolmonostearate, 1,2-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyolfatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylenesorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters.

8. Wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, myristyl myristate, stearylstearate.

9. C1-C30 mono- and poly-esters of sugars and related materials. Theseesters are derived from a sugar or polyol moiety and one or morecarboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar,these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature.Examples of liquid esters include: glucose tetraoleate, the glucosetetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannosetetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraestersof oleic acid, the arabinose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylosetetralinoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, thesorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xylitolpentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, sucrosehexaoleate, sucrose hepatoleate, sucrose octaoleate, and mixturesthereof. Examples of solid esters include: sorbitol hexaester in whichthe carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a1:2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acidester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; theheptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moietiesare sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio;the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acidmoieties are oleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; and the octaesterof sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate,linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio. A preferred solidmaterial is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C18 mono- and/ordi-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates:behenic of1:7 to 3:5. A particularly preferred solid sugar polyester is theoctaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acidmoieties and about 1 oleic acid moiety in the molecule. Other materialsinclude cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose. Theester materials are further described in, U.S. Pat. No. 2,831,854, U.S.Pat. No. 4,005,196, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977; U.S. Pat. No.4,005,195, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,516,to Letton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,515, toLetton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,305,514, to Lettonet al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 4,797,300, to Jandacek etal., issued Jan. 10, 1989; U.S. Pat. No. 3,963,699, to Rizzi et al,issued Jun. 15, 1976; U.S. Pat. No. 4,518,772, to Volpenhein, issued May21, 1985; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,517,360, to Volpenhein, issued May 21,1985.

Amounts of the skin conditioning agent may range from about 0% to 30%,preferably from about 1% to about 20%, optimally from about 1% to 10% byweight.

Solidifying Agent

The cosmetic compositions of this invention can contain one or morematerials, herein singly or collectively referred to as a “solidifyingagent”, that are effective to solidify the particular liquid basematerials to be used in a cosmetic composition. (As used herein, theterm “solidify” refers to the physical and/or chemical alteration of theliquid base material so as to form a solid or semi-solid at ambientconditions, i.e., to form a final composition which has a stablephysical structure and is deposited on the skin during normal useconditions.) As is appreciated by those skilled in the art, theselection of the particular solidifying agent for use in the cosmeticcompositions will depend upon the particular type of compositiondesired, i.e., gel or wax-based, the desired rheology, the liquid basematerial used and the other materials to be used in the composition. Thesolidifying agent is preferably present at a concentration of from about0 to about 90%, more preferably from about 1 to about 50%, even morepreferably from about 5% to about 40%, most preferably from about 1% toabout 15%.

Suitable solidifying agents include waxy materials such as candelilla,carnauba waxes, beeswax, spermaceti, carnauba, baysberry, montan,ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, synthetic waxes such as Fisher-Tropschwaxes, silicone waxes (e.g., DC 2503 from Dow Corning), microcrystallinewaxes and the like; soaps, such as the sodium and potassium salts ofhigher fatty acids, i.e., acids having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms;amides of higher fatty acids; higher fatty acid amides of alkylolamines;dibenzaldehyde-monosorbitol acetals; alkali metal and alkaline earthmetal salts of the acetates, propionates and lactates; and mixturesthereof. Also useful are polymeric materials such as, locust bean gum,sodium alginate, sodium caseinate, egg albumin, gelatin agar,carrageenin gum sodium alginate, xanthan gum, quince seed extract,tragacanth gum, starch, chemically modified starches and the like,semi-synthetic polymeric materials such as cellulose ethers (e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose),polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guargum, soluble starch, cationic celluloses, cationic guars and the likeand synthetic polymeric materials such as carboxyvinyl polymers,polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol polyacrylic acid polymers,polymethacrylic acid polymers, polyvinyl acetate polymers, polyvinylchloride polymers, polyvinylidene chloride polymers and the like.Inorganic thickeners may also be used such as aluminium silicates, suchas, for example, bentonites, or a mixture of polyethylene glycol andpolyethylene glycol stearate or distearate. Naturally occurring polymersor biopolymers and their use are further described in EuropeanApplication No. 522624, to Dunphy et al. Additional examples ofnaturally occurring polymers or biopolymers can be found in the CosmeticBench Reference, pp. 1.40-1.42, herein incorporated by reference.

Also useful herein are hydrophilic gelling agents such as the acrylicacid/ethyl acrylate copolymers and the carboxyvinyl polymers sold by theB.F. Goodrich Company under the trademark of Carbopol Registered TMresins. These resins consist essentially of a colloidally water-solublepolyalkenyl polyether crosslinked polymer of acrylic acid crosslinkedwith from 0.75% to 2.00% of a crosslinking agent such as polyallylsucrose or polyallyl pentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 934,Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 951 and Carbopol 981.Carbopol 934 is a water-soluble polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked withabout 1% of a polyallyl ether of sucrose having an average of about 5.8allyl groups for each sucrose molecule. Also suitable for use herein arecarbomers sold under the Trade Name “Carbopol Ultrez 10, CarbopolETD2020, Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342 and Pemulen TR-1 (CTFADesignation: Acrylates/10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer). Combinationof the above polymers are also useful herein. Other gelling agentssuitable for use herein include oleogels such as trihydroxystearin.

Hydrophobically modified celluloses are also suitable for use herein.These celluloses are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,228,277 and5,104,646, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentirety.

Additional examples of suitable gelling agents or gellants can be foundin the Cosmetic Bench Reference, p. 1.27, herein incorporated byreference.

Further examples of suitable solidifying agents disclosed in thefollowing references, all of which are incorporated by reference herein:U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,272, Geary, et al., issued Apr. 24, 1979; U.S. Pat.No. 4,229,432, Geria, issued Oct. 21, 1980; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,280,994,Turney, issued Jul. 28, 1981; “The Chemistry and Technology of Waxes”,A. H. Warth, 2nd Edition, reprinted in 1960, Reinhold PublishingCorporation, pp 391-393 and 421; “The Petroleum Chemicals Industry”, R.F. Goldstein and A. L. Waddeam, 3rd Edition (1967), E & F. N. Span Ltd.,pp 33-40; “The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics”, M. G. DeNavarre,2nd edition (1970), Van Nostrand & Company, pp 354-376; and in“Encylopedia of Chemical Technology:, Vol. 24, Kirk-Othmer, 3rd Edition(1979) pp 466-481; U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued Nov.21, 1978; European Patent Specification No. 117,070, May, published Aug.29, 1984; U.S. Pat. No. 2,900,306, Slater, issued Aug. 18, 1959; U.S.Pat. No. 3,255,082, Barton, issued Jun. 7, 1966; U.S. Pat. No.4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued Jan. 30, 1979; U.S. Pat. No.4,154,816, Roehl, et al., issued May 15, 1979; U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,889,Yuhas, issued Oct. 7, 1980; U.S. Pat. No. 4,346,079, Roehl, issued Aug.24, 1982; U.S. Pat. No. 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issued May 17, 1983;European Patent Specification No. 107,330, Luebbe, et al., published May2, 1984; European Patent Specification No. 24,365 Sampson, et al.,published Mar. 4, 1981; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 630,790,DiPietro, filed Jul. 13, 1984.

Preferably, the compositions of the present invention have a hardnessvalue as measured using a TA-XT21 Texture Analyzer (described below) ofup to about 25 gram-force, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 20gram-force, most preferably from about 1 to about 15, optimally fromabout 1 to about 10 gram-force. Without being limited by theory, it isbelieved that compositions having stick hardness values above 25gram-force tend to interfere with the formation of the film structureprovided by the polysiloxane elastomer, thus, preventing the smoothnessas well as improved uniformity and evenness of particle distributionwithin the film. This, in turn, negatively affects the sensory benefitsof the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer component.

Colorant

Certain embodiments of the present invention contain from about 0% toabout 30%, preferably from about 1% to about 20%, more preferably fromabout 2% to about 15% and most preferably from about 5% to about 15%, ofa non-pigment colorant, on an anhydrous weight basis. These are usuallyaluminum, barium or calcium salts or lakes. Preferably, dyes are presentat from about 0% to about 3% and pearls and the like from 0% to about10%.

Colorants useful herein are all inorganic and organic colors suitablefor use in cosmetic compositions.

Lakes are either a pigment that is extended or reduced with a soliddiluent or an organic pigment that is prepared by the precipitation of awater-soluble dye on an adsorptive surface, which usually is aluminumhydrate. There is uncertainty in some instances as to whether thesoluble dye precipitates on the surface of the aluminum hydrate to yielda dyed inorganic pigment or whether it merely precipitates in thepresence of the substrate. A lake also forms from precipitation of aninsoluble salt from an acid or basic dye. Calcium and barium lakes arealso used herein.

Lakes suitable for use in the present invention include Red 3 AluminumLake, Red 21 Aluminum Lake, Red 27 Aluminum Lake, Red 28 Aluminum Lake,Red 33 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 6 Aluminum Lake,Yellow 10 Aluminum Lake, Orange 5 Aluminum Lake and Blue 1 AluminumLake, Red 6 Barium Lake, Red 7 Calcium Lake.

Other colors can also be included herein, such as dyes. Suitableexamples include Red 6, Red 21, Brown, Russet and Sienna dyes andmixtures thereof.

Preservatives

Suitable traditional preservatives for compositions of this inventionare alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. Other preservatives whichhave more recently come into use include hydantoin derivatives such as1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimthylhydantoin, propionate salts, and avariety of quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzalkonium chloride,quaternium 15 (Dowicil 200), benzethonium Chloride, andmethylbenzethonium chloride. Cosmetic chemists are familiar withappropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy thepreservative challenge test and to provide product stability.Particularly preferred preservatives are disodium EDTA, phenoxyethanol,methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea (commerciallyavailable as Germall 1157), sodium dehydroacetate and benzyl alcohol.The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of thecomposition and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives andother ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives preferably are employedin amounts ranging from about 0% to about 5%, more preferably from about0.01% to about 2.5%, and most preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%,by weight of the composition.

Emulsifiers

Emulsifiers or surfactants can also be used herein. These emulsifiersmay be nonionic, anionic or cationic. Suitable emulsifiers are disclosedin, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560, issued Aug. 28, 1973, Dickertet al.; U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, issued Dec. 20, 1983, Dixon et al.; andMcCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American Edition, pages317-324 (1986), each incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.Illustrative nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated compounds based onC10-C22 fatty alcohols and acids, and sorbitan. These materials areavailable, for instance, from the Shell Chemical Company under theNeodol trademark, Copolymers of polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene, soldby the BASF Corporation under the Pluronic trademark, are sometimes alsouseful. Alkyl polyglycosides available from the Henkel Corporation mayalso be utilized for purposes of this invention. Anionic typeemulsifiers or surfactants include fatty acid soaps, sodium laurylsulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, alkyl benzene sulphonate, mono-and di-alkyl acid phosphates and sodium fatty acyl isethionate.Amphoteric emulsifiers or surfactants include such materials asdialkylamine oxide and various types of betaines (such as cocamidopiopylbetaine).

Preferred for use herein are polyoxyalkylene copolymers also known assilicone polyethers. Polymers are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No.4,268,499, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Aparticularly preferred polyoxyalkylene copolymer is known by its CTFAdesignation as dimethicones copolyol. A particularly preferred form ofdimethicone copolyol is that supplied by Dow Corning as DC5225C.

The overall concentration of the emulsifier can be from 0% to about 10%of the formulation, preferably from 0.1% to about 5% and most preferablyfrom about 0.1% to about 2%, by weight of the composition. Examples ofsuitable emulsifiers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,085,856 to Dunphyet al.; Japanese Patent Publication Sho 61-83110; European PatentApplication EP 522624 to Dunphy et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,831 toEl-Nokaly et al.; and Examples of suitable moistures can be found inCosmetic Bench Reference, pp. 1.22, 1.24-1.26 (1996), all of which areherein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Aerated Compositions

Optionally and preferably, the compositions of the present invention areaerated. By “aerated” as used herein means the air is incorporatedeither by hand, mechanical mixing or by using any other form ofconventional foaming or whipping instrument technology. Preferably thecompositions of the present invention contain at least about 1%,preferably at least about 2%, optimally from about 3 to about 5% air.

Other Optional Ingredients

A variety of additional ingredients can be incorporated into thecompositions of the present invention. Nonlimiting examples of theseadditional ingredients include additional skin care actives such aspeptides (e.g., Matrixyl [pentapetide derivative]), farnesol, bisabolol,phytantriol, glycerol, urea, guanidine (e.g., amino guanidine); vitaminsand derivatives thereof such ascorbic acid, vitamin A (e.g., retinoidderivatives such as retinyl palmitate or retinyl proprionate), vitamin E(e.g., tocopherol acetate), vitamin B₃ (e.g., niacinamide) and vitaminB₅ (e.g., panthenol) and the like and mixtures thereof; sunscreens;anti-acne medicaments (resorcinol, salicylic acid, and the like;antioxidants (e.g., phytosterols, lipoic acid); flavonoids (e.g.,isoflavones, phytoestrogens); skin soothing and healing agents such asaloe vera extract, allantoin and the like; chelators and sequestrants;and agents suitable for aesthetic purposes such as essential oils,fragrances, skin sensates, opacifiers, aromatic compounds (e.g., cloveoil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, and eugenol). Nonlimitingexamples of suitable carboxylic copolymers, emulsifiers, emollients, andother additional ingredients are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681,to Ciotti et al., issued Apr. 30, 1991 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,939,082, toOblong et al., issued Aug. 17, 1999, both of which are hereinincorporated by reference. The above mentioned vitamin B₃ compounds canbe incorporated as re-crystallized crystals which remain in crystallizedform in the composition or as partially solubilize crystals (i.e., someof the crystals are dissolved and some remain in crystalline form in thecomposition.).

Analytical Test Methods Hardness Value Test

The term “product hardness” as used herein is a reflection of how muchforce is required to move a rod a specified distance and at a controlledrate into a cosmetic composition under the following test conditions.Higher values represent harder product, and lower values representsofter product. These values are measured at 27° C., 15% relativehumidity, using a TA-XT2i Texture Analyzer, available from TextureTechnology Corp., Scarsdale, N.Y., U.S.A. The product hardness value asused herein represents the amount of force required to move a 16 mm longstainless steel rod having a 0.254 mm diameter through the compositionfor a distance of 12.2 mm at a rate of 0.85 mm/second. The rod isattached to the instrument by means of a suitable adapter (e.g.,drill-type chuck). Other test parameters include: Pre-Test Speed of 0.85mm/s, Post Test Speed of 1.70 mm/s, trigger distance of 0.1 mm. Moredetailed instructions can be found in the Operator's Manuel for theTA-XT2i, herein incorporated by reference.

The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments ofthis invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred toherein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwiseindicated.

EXAMPLES

The cosmetic products in the following examples illustrate specificembodiments of the cosmetic compositions of the present invention, butare not intended to be limiting thereof. Other modifications can beundertaken by the skilled artisan without departing from the spirit andscope of this invention. All exemplified compositions can be prepared byconventional formulation and mixing techniques. Component amounts arelisted as weight percents and may exclude minor materials such asdiluents, filler, and so forth. The listed formulations, therefore,comprise the listed components and any minor materials associated withsuch components.

Example I

A lipstick composition of the present invention is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Carnauba 1.50 Ozokerite 5.50 Candelillia 4.00 HydrogenatedVegetable Oil 8.50 Acetylated Lanolin 4.00 Propylparaben 0.10 CetylRicinoleate 10.00 Ascorbyl Palmitate 1.00 Polybutene 2.00 PolysiloxaneCopolymer¹ 5.97 Stearyl Dimethicone 5.97 (DC 2503 Cosmetic wax)Anhydrous Lanolin 5.97 KSG 21² Elastomer gel 22.95 Association StructurePhase Lecithin 5.00 Niacinamide 2.50 Panthenol 1.00 Glycerine 4.04Pigment 9.00 water 6.00 ¹#1154-141-1, supplied by GE Silicones. ²25%Dimethicone/copolyol Crosspolymer in dimethicone.

The ingredients for the Association Structure Phase, except for thepigments, are mixed until association structures are formed. Once theassociation structures are formed, the pigments are added and milled ona three roll mill. The mixture is then mixed with the remainingingredi-ents and mixed until a homogeneous mixture. (Or, alternatively,the above components are added and mixed together at the same time.)This mixture is heated to 85° C. and then poured into a mold at roomtemperature.

The lipstick is applied to the lips to provide color, moisturization andimproved lip feel.

Example II

A mascara of the present invention is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt. % Carnauba Wax 3.00 Glyceryl Monostearate¹ 7.50 WhiteBeeswax 3.75 C18-C36 Triglycerides² 5.50 Hydrogenated Glycerol Rosinate³0.15 Propylparaben 0.10 Paraffin Wax 118/125 2.25 Paraffin Wax 2.25Elastomer Gel (KSG21)⁴ 17.31 Lecithin⁵ 2.25 Stearic Acid 3X 4.00 OleicAcid 0.75 Triethanolamine 1.25 Potassium Cetyl Phosphate⁶ 1.00 Shellac,NF 3.00 Triethanolamine 0.47 Trisodium EDTA 0.10 Black Iron Oxide 7.00Simethicone 0.20 Methylparaben 0.20 Ethylparaben 0.15 Phenoxyethanol0.80 Ethyl Alcohol 40B, 190 proof 4.00 Diazolidinyl Urea 0.20 DeionizedWater 30.22 dl-Panthenol 0.35 niacinamide 2.25 Total 100.00 ¹Availableas Emerest 2400 available form Henkel/Emery - ²Available as SyncrowaxHGL-C available from Croda, Inc. - ³Available as Foral 105 availablefrom Hercules, Inc. - ⁴25% Dimethicone/Copolyol Crosspolymer indimethicone ⁵Available as Centrolex F available from Central Soya,Inc. - ⁶Available as Amphisol K available from Givaudan -

The waxes and fats are mixed in a vessel equipped with a heating source.The waxes and fats are heated and mixed at low speed using aconventional blender to liquify the mixture. The mixing is continueduntil the mixture is homogeneous. To the homogenous mixture is added thepigments. The mixing rate is increased to high and the pigments aremixed into the mixture for about 30-35 minutes until uniformlydispersed. The mixing is continued while adding emulsifiers.

In a second vessel equipped with a heating source is added waterfollowed by the niacinamide, lecithin and any other water-dispersablecomponents. The mixture is heated and mixed to a temperature of fromabout 80-95° C. Additional water is added as necessary to account forwater loss.

The aqueous and lipophilic mixtures are combined and mixed using adispersator type mixer. Mixing is continued until the mixture cools to atemperature of from about 65-70° C. Perservatives are added with mixing,allowing the mixture to cool further to 45-47° C. Any remainingcomponents are added with mixing. The combined mixture is cooled to atemperature above the solidification point and is then poured intosuitable containers.

The mascara composition is applied to the lashes and/or eyebrows toprovide softening, moisturization and conditioning.

Example III

A moisturizing lotion of the present invention is prepared as follows:

Raw Material Weight % Cyclomethicone (DC245) 20.35 Elastomer Gel(KSG21)¹ 33.33 Propylparaban 0.20 Ethylene/Acrylic Acid Copolymer 10.00microspheres (Flobeads EA 209 supplied by Kobo Products Inc.) Glycerin25.00 Water 8.00 Niacinamide 3.00 Methylparaben 0.12 Total = 100.00 ¹25%Dimethicone/Copolyol Crosspolymer in dimethicone

In a suitable stainless steel vessel, the cyclomethicone, KSG21 andpropylparaben are added with mixing using conventional mixing technologyand mixed until homogeneous. In a separate vessel, the niacinamide andwater are mixed using conventional mixing technology until homogeneous.To the niacinamide solution is next added the glycerin, ethylene/acrylicacid copolymer microspheres and methylparaben with mixing untilhomogeneous. Next, the niacinamide mixture is combined with thecyclomethicone mixture and mixed using conventional mixing technologyuntil homogeneous. The combined mixture is then poured into suitablecontainers.

The moisturizing cosmetic lotion is applied to the face and/or body toprovide softening, moisturization and conditioning.

Example IV

A liquid foundation of the present invention is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Weight % Cyclomethicone 12.32 KSG32 Elastomer Gel¹ 15.38Isononyl Isononanoate 5.00 n-Propyl-4-hydroxybenzoic Acid 0.20 EthyleneBrassylate 0.03 Titanium Dioxide 17.8 Yellow Iron Oxide 1.70 Red IronOxide 0.19 Black Iron Oxide 0.11 Methylparahydroxybenzoate 0.12 Glycerin10.00 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol 0.10 Water 36.45 sucrose oleate ester0.60 100.00 ¹25%% Lauryl Dimethicone/Copolyol Crosspolymer inisododecane

In a suitable stainless steel vessel, the cyclomethicone, KSG32,isononyl isononanoate, n-propyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and ethylenebrassylate are added with mixing using conventional mixing technologyand mixed until homogeneous. In a separate vessel equipped with a heatsource, the sucrose oleate ester and water are heated to 50° C. andmixed using conventional mixing technology until homogeneous. Thesucrose oleate ester mixture is then allowed to cool to roomtemperature. Once cooled, the titanium dioxide, iron oxides,methylparahydroxy benzoate, glycerin and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol areadded to sucrose oleate ester mixture with mixing to form a homogeneous,pigment slurry. Next, the sucrose oleate ester mixture is combined withthe cyclomethicone mixture and mixed using conventional mixingtechnology until homogeneous. The combined mixture is then poured intosuitable containers.

The liquid foundation is applied to the face to provide softening,moisturization and conditioning.

1. A stable multiphase emulsion composition, comprising: A.) acontinuous phase, comprising: i.) an emulsifying crosslinked siloxaneelastomer; and ii.) a solvent for the emulsifying crosslinked siloxaneelastomer; B.) at least one discontinuous phase, comprising: i.) solidparticles wherein the discontinuous phase has a droplet sizedistribution range of from about 0.1 microns to about 100 microns andwherein the particles are uniformly distributed on the skin independentof skin topography.
 2. The cosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein saidcomposition further comprises a skin conditioning agent selected fromthe group consisting exfoliants, emollients and mixtures thereof.
 3. Thecosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein said discontinuous phase isselected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohol, water ormixtures thereof.
 4. The cosmetic composition of claim 3 wherein saidpolyhydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of propyleneglycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, glycerin,1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin,propoxylated glycerin and mixtures thereof.
 5. The cosmetic compositionof claim 1 wherein said composition further comprises an emulsifier. 6.The cosmetic composition of claim 5 wherein said emulsifier ispolyoxyalkylene copolymer.
 7. The cosmetic composition of claim 6wherein said polyoxyalkylene copolymer is dimethicone copolyol.
 8. Thecosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein said solid is selected from thegroup consisting of inorganic solid particles, organic solid particlesand mixtures thereof.
 9. The cosmetic composition of claim 8 whereinsaid solid particle is selected from the group consisting of gums,chalk, Fuller's earth, talc, kaolin, iron oxide, mica, sericite,muscovite, phlogopite, synthetic mica, lepidolite, biotite, lithia mica,vermiculite, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate,starch, smectite clays, alkyl and/or trialkyl aryl ammonium smectites,chemically modified magnesium aluminum silicate, organically modifiedmontmorillonite clay, hydrated aluminum silicate, fumed silica, aluminumstarch octenyl succinate barium silicate, calcium silicate, magnesiumsilicate, strontium silicate, metal tungstate, magnesium, silicaalumina, zeolite, barium sulfate, calcined calcium sulfate (calcinedgypsum), calcium phosphate, fluorine apatite, hydroxyapatite, ceramicpowder, metallic soap, colloidal silicone dioxide, boron nitride;polyamide resin powder, cyclodextrin, polyethylene powder, methylpolymethacrylate powder, polystyrene powder, copolymer powder of styreneand acrylic acid, benzoguanamine resin powder, poly(ethylenetetrafluoride) powder, and carboxyvinyl polymer, cellulose powder,ethylene glycol monostearate; titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, magnesiumoxide, interference pigments and mixtures thereof.
 10. The cosmeticcomposition of claim 1 wherein said composition further comprises apreservative.
 11. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein saidpreservative is selected from the group consisting of disodium EDTA,phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea,sodium dehydroacetate, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives,propionate salts, quaternary ammonium compounds, benzyl alcohol andmixtures thereof.
 12. The cosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein saidcomposition further comprises fillers.
 13. The cosmetic composition ofclaim 1 wherein said composition is in the form of a foundation,mascara, concealer, eye liner, brow color, eye shadow, blusher, lipcream, lip gloss, lip paint or lipstick.
 14. A cosmetic compositioncomprising: (i) from about 0.1% to about 15% of emulsifying crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having an average particle size less than 20 microns;(ii) from 10 to 80% of a solvent for the crosslinked siloxane elastomer;(iii) optionally, from 0 to 50% of skin conditioning agent; and (iv)optionally, from above about 0 to about 95% of water wherein contain atleast about 1% air.